Trichology a medical field focuses on studying and treating hair and scalp conditions. Hair's unique structure plays a vital role in human appearance. Comprising the cuticle, cortex, and medulla, hair fibers have distinct components. Maintaining scalp health is crucial for preventing hair and scalp issues. Hair cosmetic products aid in cleansing, enhancing attractiveness, altering appearance, and safeguarding hair and scalp health. Current research targets molecular mechanisms governing hair cycle phases and transitions. Advances have been made in understanding signals driving hair follicle formation. Trichology remains dedicated to enhancing hair and scalp health while unraveling the intricate aspects of hair growth and development.