Heart surgery, also known as cardiac surgery, involves surgical procedures to address various heart conditions. Surgeons may perform coronary artery bypass grafting, valve repair or replacement, and congenital heart defect corrections. These interventions aim to restore proper heart function, improve blood flow, and alleviate symptoms. Heart surgery may be open-heart or minimally invasive, with advancements enhancing precision and recovery. While it carries risks, it remains a crucial option for patients with severe cardiac issues, often leading to improved quality of life and extended longevity.