A 60-year-old man was admitted to the hospital due to a seizure and unconsciousness, showing symptoms of fever and dizziness. Although there were no significant abnormalities in the cerebrospinal fluid except for an increase in neutrophils, metagenomic next-generation sequencing and DNA testing confirmed the infection of Mycobacterium iranicum. This bacterium, known for its rapid growth and orange pigment-producing colonies, rarely invades the central nervous system. The patient was treated with imipenem, minocycline, moxifloxacin, and linezolid, and gradually recovered during the follow-up period.

Zhou Xinyu, female, post-doctoral, Associate professor, deputy chief physician, master supervisor, Secretary of the Second Party Branch of the Brain Hospital of the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Director of the Department of Neurological Function.