Infections arise due to microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Many of these microorganisms naturally inhabit our bodies, where they generally pose no harm and even offer benefits. However, specific circumstances can lead some of these microorganisms to induce illnesses, and certain infectious diseases have the potential to be transmitted from one individual to another. Instances of such diseases encompass conditions like SARS, various strains of coronaviruses, influenza, diphtheria, HIV/AIDS, HPV, tuberculosis (TB), and hepatitis A and B.