Supervision and delegation are critical components in nursing practice, significantly impacting the efficiency and quality of healthcare delivery, particularly in low-resource settings such as Africa. The World Health Organization advocates for clear policies and structured delegation protocols to improve healthcare delivery, especially in resource-limited settings, and to prevent the overburdening of nurses.

Methods: This review adhered to the guidelines outlined by Askey and O’Malley. Searches were conducted across PubMed, JSTOR, Scopus, Dimensions AI, and Web of Science databases. Additional searches were performed using Google Scholar and university repository. Both peer-reviewed and grey literature were included in the review. A total of 25 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review, highlighting both practices and challenges in nursing supervision and delegation across Africa. Effective supervision practices included comprehensive orientation, continuous training, and robust monitoring with feedback. Key components were communication, teamwork, and supportive environments. Challenges identified encompassed inadequate supervisory skills, time-consuming administrative tasks, and resource constraints such as shortages of medical supplies and human resources. Delegation challenges were primarily related to staffing shortages and skill gaps, with issues of role overextension and unclear responsibilities also noted. Addressing the practices and challenges of supervision and delegation in nursing is vital for enhancing healthcare delivery in resource-limited settings, particularly in Africa. Implementing targeted, evidence-based interventions and developing clear, structured policies will mitigate these challenges and enhance overall nursing effectiveness. Collaborative efforts and strategic improvements in training and support systems are crucial for addressing these issues and ensuring high-quality patient care

Amidu Alhassan is a Master of Nursing student at University of Cape Coast (UCC) and currently a fellow researcher at the Medical Research Circle. He has served as a peer reviewer for reputable journals such as SAGE and has published over 10 articles in respected academic publications.