Objective: To evaluate the current status of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) medical quality control in the Chongqing YuXi area, investigate the impact of demographic characteristics and Oxford pathological classification on laboratory indicators, and provide evidence for optimizing regional IgAN management strategies.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included IgAN patients diagnosed via renal biopsy at Yongchuan Hospital from January 2020 to June 2023. Data collected included demographics, Oxford pathological classification (M/E/S/T/C scores), and 11 laboratory indicators (liver/kidney function, urinalysis, etc.). Descriptive statistics assessed data completeness; t-tests and multi - factor ANOVA analyzed interactions between demographics, pathological classification, and key indicators. Risk stratification used KDIGO guidelines.

Results: 73 patients were included. Pre - biopsy examination completion rate was 1.37%, renal pathology slice staining compliance 100%, IgAN pathological typing diagnosis rate 100%, RAS inhibitor usage rate 40%, and follow - up completion rate 42.47%. Gender differences significantly affected hematuria (women had 0.88 RBC/HPF higher occult blood than men, P<0.01; men had 0.53×10^12/L higher red blood cell count than women, P<0.01). Age groups differed significantly in renal function creatinine and ESR (patients over 60 had higher values, P<0.01). Weight (kg) correlated with uric acid (umol/L) at the 0.01 significance level (F=9.413, P=0.000). In Oxford classification, 24 - hour urine protein in E1 was higher than in E0 (3.44±4.40 vs 1.53±1.45, P=0.011), and C2 was higher than C1 and C0 (6.16±6.48>2.17±1.94>1.35±1.51, P<0.01).

Conclusion: This study suggests that the obesity diagnostic criterion (BMI≥28) may underestimate the renal risk of extreme weight. It is recommended to incorporate weight management into the basic treatment path for IgA nephropathy (evidence level 1B), establish a community - based "weight - uric acid - renal function" triple - screening system, and explore insurance coverage for obesity related nephropathy interventions. It reveals regional characteristics of pathological classification and clinical phenotype in YuXi IgAN patients, indicating that endothelial hyperplasia (E) and cellular/fibrous crescents (C) in the Oxford classification affect renal function. It is suggested to establish a dynamic risk assessment system based on a pathology - clinical integrated model, strengthen proteinuria - targeted control and stratified management of high - risk groups, and improve regional IgAN treatment standardization.

Dong Li obtained his Ph.D. from Chongqing Medical University at the age of 31 and is currently the head nurse of the Nephrology and Rheumatology Department. He has published over 10 papers in renowned journals, focusing on the management and nursing of chronic kidney disease.