Eye movements provide measurable insights into cognitive and visual processing. The four main types—saccades, smooth pursuit, vergence, and vestibulo-ocular—offer valuable information. While long-studied, recent decades have seen eye movement quantification yielding significant psychological insights into reading, visual search, and scene perception. Occurring every 200-350 milliseconds, these movements direct the fovea, the retina's high-resolution center, to process points of interest more intensely. This dynamic process aids reading, target examination, and scene observation.