Synthetic methodology refers to the systematic approach used in the design and execution of chemical reactions to create complex molecules. It involves selecting appropriate reagents, reaction conditions, and catalysts to achieve desired chemical transformations. The goal is to develop efficient, scalable, and environmentally friendly processes for the synthesis of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and materials. Advances in synthetic methodology, such as catalytic processes and green chemistry principles, have revolutionized organic chemistry, making it possible to synthesize compounds with high precision and minimal waste.