The incidence of breast cancer is rapidly increasing at present and it will strike 1 in 9 women over a lifetime. Nowadays younger patients are being diagnosed with breast cancer.  The  importance  of  early  diagnosis cannot  be  underscored as  management and survival is markedly improved  with  early  stage of  breast cancer. The most common malignant breast lesion in our day to day practice is infiltrating duct carcinoma, not otherwise specified (IDC-NOS) followed by invasive lobular carcinoma. Apart from these, there are more than dozen variants of breast cancer and few rare lesion in benign and intermediate category which are less common but it is important to know their main characteristics to make the best treatment choice and better prognosis. It is need of hour to discuss important neoplastic and non neoplastic breast lesions that are less known and less appreciated. The diagnosis of breast lesions are done by various laboratory diagnostic procedures viz. FNAC ( Fine  Needle Aspiration  Cytology), Core needle biopsy examination and Histopathological examination of whole specimen. FNAC can be performed on any clinically palpable lumps or roentgenographically  detected  non- palpable  lesions  of  the  breast. The major limitations  of this method is that definite  diagnosis of  some  lesions  can be  difficult  to make on the basis   of  cytology. Core  biopsy  is   useful   in  the  evaluation  of   lesions  likely  to  be  low  histopathological   grade  and  in   those   presenting  as  architectural   distortions , for  which  FNA cytology may fail  to  prove  a diagnosis. Core biopsy   is  definitely  a  robust  and  reliable  diagnostic  modality,   but carries  with  it  disadvantages  in terms  of  a  longer  turn- around  due  to  the  tissue   processing  time, patient  discomfort  during the  procedure and higher complication rate. Histopathological examination of whole specimen of breast is the gold standard modality for final diagnosis of any breast lesion. We are going to discuss role of various diagnostic modalities in rare  neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions of breast.

I am working as Additional Professor in Pathology and Lab Medicine Department at AIIMS, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. AIIMS is an Institute of National Importance under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India. I have completed MBBS from Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad in year 2007 and completed MD (Pathology) form BJ Medical College, Ahmedabad in year 2010. I have completed FAIMER fellowship and Advance Course in Medical Education. I have administration experience of Associate Dean (Academics) for almost 4 years. I have post MD teaching experience of more than 14 years of both undergraduate and postgraduate teaching. I have published more than 100 articles in various nationally and internationally indexed journals in field of Pathology and Medical education with total citations of 1180, h index of 19 and i10 index of 38 as on today. I am also working as editorial board member in various journals and associated with various Professional bodies like World Association of Medical Editors, Indian Association of Pathology and Microbiology, Indian Medical Association, Indian Association of Cytology, Indian Society for Precision Medicine and Molecular Medicine, Association of Cytologists and Histopathologists, Molecular Pathology Association of India, etc. I have authored more than 10 books/ chapters.