Objective: To describe the frequency and pattern of pulmonary venous abnormalities and their associated anomalies in patients undergoing computer tomography at a tertiary care hospital. Methodology:This retrospective study was conducted at the department of Pediatric Cardiology and CT-Angiography, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan. Data of all patients diagnosed with anomalous pulmonary return (TAPVR and/or PAPVR) was reviewed from hospital data base. Demographic features, clinical and radiological data, including the types and subtypes of pulmonary venous abnormality were noted. Data regarding associated cardiac anomalies and their incidental findings on the CT scan were recorded. Results: In a total of 187 patients diagnosed with pulmonary venous abnormalities, 64.2% were male. The median age was 1.00 year. The median age at the time of diagnosis through echocardiographic, and CT angiographic were 0.83 years, and 0.67 years, respectively. Associated cardiac defects were identified in 98.4% patients. In terms of total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR), supracardiac was the most common subtype, accounting for 48.7% of cases diagnosed on echocardiography and 52.4% on CT angiography. For partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR), right-sided veins opening into the SVC was the most frequent abnormality, observed in 62.3% of echocardiography diagnoses and 56.3% of CT angiography diagnoses. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential limitations of echocardiography in diagnosing certain subtypes of TAPVR, particularly cardiac and mixed subtypes, and emphasize the need for advanced imaging techniques in complex cases. 

Dr Rumana Sangi is a  Paediatric Cardiologist at Aga Khan University Hospital, karachi, Pakistan. She has worked as Paediatric Cardiologist at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi and done double fellowship in Paediatrics and Paediatric Cardiology from College of Physicians and Surgeons of Pakistan. She has national and international extensive publications. She bears position as Assistant Editor in Pakistan Heart journal. She is also a Member Of  Pakistan Cardiac Society.