The brain of a newborn differs significantly from that of older children and adults, emphasizing the critical role of Neonatal neurology and neurocritical care. This specialized field is dedicated to the care and management of severely ill infants, focusing on preventing and addressing potential brain injuries. Neonatal neurologists play a crucial role in monitoring, assessing, and treating neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and beyond.