Drug (in English: Drug) in medical knowledge is any substance that is used for treatment, relief of symptoms, diagnosis or prevention of disease and affects the structure or function of the organism and after entering the body, corrects the function of the body. . In another definition, a drug is a substance that initiates or inhibits a specific function by acting on a specific receptor inside, outside or on the cell wall, and the strength of the drug's effect is directly proportional to the amount and number of this interaction; Of course, drugs that have a local effect, such as: antacids, local disinfectants and contrast agents the clinical trials industry has seen a perceptible increase in recent years and India is one of the global destinations for clinical trials. The safety and efficacy of all new treatments as a drug, vaccines, medical devices, dietary supplements etc. are analyzed through clinical trials. Clinical trials are the most important part of drug discovery for the treatment of diseases such as COVID-19, swine flu, cancer etc. Clinical trials are experiments or observations in clinical research to generate data on the safety and efficacy of new molecules. Researchers or investigators initially select a small group of volunteers or patients and subsequently conduct larger comparative studies based on the type of new molecules. Clinical study design aims to ensure the scientific validity and reproducibility of the results. In clinical trials, the number of subjects (sample size) greatly impacts the ability to measure the effects of the interference. This ability is described as its ‘power’ and a larger sample size increases the statistical power. The statistical power estimates the ability of a trial to detect a difference of a particular size between the treatment and control groups.

Amir Mohammad Amini is a dedicated expert in sports medicine with over a decade of experience teaching at the university level. He has authored multiple books and articles in the field of medical sports science, with his works being translated into nine languages. Amir is also an international professional coach, recognized for his analytical skills and commitment to physical fitness. He is fluent in Kurdish and Persian, and his contributions to the field are widely respected.