Prior to endorsing a vaccine, it must undergo rigorous laboratory testing, a process that can span several years. Regulatory bodies like the FDA utilize data from these assessments to determine the feasibility of human trials. Clinical trials involve willing participants, starting with a small cohort of 20 to 100 and eventually expanding to thousands. Over the course of years, these trials yield crucial insights:
An adverse effect denotes unfavorable outcomes resulting from interventions or medications, often termed "side effects." Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) encompass harmful responses to medicinal product use, often requiring dose adjustments, specific treatments, or discontinuation. Artificially induced immunity, achieved through vaccination, strengthens defences against specific diseases, aiming to reduce mortality and suffering by evoking an immune response without disease symptoms.